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If we study the mode Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 9:05:23 +0000 On the other hand the vitalists while they find it more difficult than do their opponents to maintain their scientific orthodoxy are nevertheless representing definite intelligible tendency of the science. Just as the more mechanical tendency in physics has arrayed against it the opposing tendency of the dynamists so here in biology we find those who are disposed to find in the original elements of the life-movement the most important norm of that determinateness in the process which has supplied biologists with some of their most vital problems. If we study the mode of selection which has been called organic we shall find that it tends to substitute species of wave-movement in the trend of organisms for that of in- dividual variation. Autor of the post: Undefined Why should there be organic Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 8:46:49 +0000 The motion seems to be one of ebb flow the group of possible variations in certain field of experience being determined by the swell conformation of the tide. This is something that organic selection as descriptive name of process does not explain. Why should there be organic rather than individual selection how does it operate The answer to the first question has already been given. Autor of the post: Undefined According to the law Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 8:29:01 +0000 It is more explanatory of actual history than any other theory that has been proposed. How then are we to conceive the movement involved in organic selection as being realized This is question of modus in answer to which Baldwin he is one of group of psychological biologists who suggest function of mind suggests the agency of pleasurable painful consciousness. According to the law of circular motion which Baldwin works out in his Mental Develop- ment of the Child the Race it is suggested that the tide which represents the fullness of life would by virtue of its pleasurableness not only tend to its own continuance but also to the multiplication preservation of favorable variations while in the case of the ebb of life which would be accompanied by painful consciousness the effect would be the opposite. Autor of the post: Undefined Hitherto we have concerned ourselves Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 8:18:32 +0000 An explanation of the survival of favora- ble the suppression of unfavorable variations is thus suggested in the pleasure-pain aspect of consciousness. Baldwin while not going so far as to propose the pleas- ure-pain consciousness as vera causa generally pres- ent in evolution makes the suggestion that something analogous to it operates from the beginning to the end of the life-movement. Hitherto we have concerned ourselves exclusively with the concepts problems of biological science. Autor of the post: Undefined Our review of the problems Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 8:02:44 +0000 We now turn to the problem of the synthesis of natural science with metaphysics in the field of organic movements. We have seen how the genetic process falls under the operation of the principle of natural causation in time. Our review of the problems of biology their proposed solutions shows that an explanation in order to be satisfactory must in the last analysis satisfy the requirements of natural causation. Autor of the post: Undefined We have seen that physics Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 7:42:45 +0000 It must propound causes which are verae causae the operation of these causes must lie in the field of possible determination. Moreover the biologist like the physicist deals with his world under the general notion of phenomena ground. We have seen that physics con- nects its phenomena as effects with the operation of under- lying substances or forces to which it applies the name matter. Autor of the post: Undefined We can discover the distinguishing Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 7:32:13 +0000 Now the material or ground-term in the field of the organic is the life-substance itself protoplasm or its constituent the living cell. It appears then that the ground-term in biology is also to degree phenomenalized. We can discover the distinguishing characteristics of living matter those which differentiate it from matter that is not living the concept of matter in biology is so far forth more than the concept of matter in physics. Autor of the post: Undefined Let us ask Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 7:14:37 +0000 The same thing is true of the concept of motion. The life- movement is definable further than the movements with which physics deals its concept is correspondingly richer. Let us ask then in what particular respects the ground-motions of biology are richer than those of physics. Autor of the post: Undefined In biology however the primary Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 7:01:40 +0000 The answer may be given in few words. The terms of phys- ics as they are conceived employed in the physical proc- esses have no internal character no qualitative properties which in any sense influence the form of their movements. In biology however the primary matter protoplasm or the living cell has an internal character. Autor of the post: Undefined If now we turn Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 6:48:30 +0000 It is plastic that is susceptible to qualitative changes. Moreover it is debated question among biologists whether this life-substance may not be originally plastic in determinate ways whether in fact it may not be selective in its very nature. If now we turn to the life-movement itself we see that it is no longer qualitatively indifferent but that it is overtly select- ive discriminating. 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